Composite lubricant



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Patented Nov. 4, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE iomr ALLnu moems, ors'r. aosnrn, u ssoum, Assronoa 'ro EMMA firearms;

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. 1o gree during prolonged use even under conditions highly unfavorableto' the action of ordinary lubricants.

' Another object of this invention is to provide' a composite lubricantwhich will main 153tain its lubricity substantially unimpaired at hightemperatures and which will not gum v at eithenunusually high or lowtemperatures.

A further object of the invention is to provide a lubricant which willnot 'exereise a cor- 2) rosive action by the decomposition'ofoils intofatty or other'acids under any condition of use to which the lubricantisintended to be "A further object of the invention is to provide alubricant which in addition to its lubricating properties exercises adetergent action on metals with whichit comes into contact therebypreventing to a considerable extent the accumulation of dirt'or otherforeign matter thereon and effecting or facilitating its removal ifalready formed.

Other objects and advantages Wlll be apparent in the course of thefollowing description.

" Mineral oils and vegetable oils each have their individual merits oradvantages as lubricants. Many attempts have been made to providelubricants containing'both mineral and vegetable oils which would besuperior These efforts have however, met

with but indifferent success commercially owing to the use in theproduction of the mixtures of chemicals injurious to the parts to belubricated or to the mixtures being unstable or otherwise unsatisfactoryor to the excessive costof producing a satisfactory blend of such oilsor for other reasons.

I have found that a stable composite lubricant having the advantageshereinoefore set forth in the statement of objects of this inApplication filed mamas, 1927. Serial 110472572.

ventionmay be obtained by the employment of petroleum and vegetableoilsblended or united as hereinafter described.

. In the preferred process of producing my composite lubricant l firstproduce what I term mixture No. i. by dissolving 1 pound of caoutchoucpreferably of the grade known as fresh smoke sheet c'aoutchouc, in asuitable solvent of caoutchouc, preferably benzine or high testgasoline,- using only a su-flicient quantity of the solvent to produce acomplete solution of the caoutchouc. Using fresh high grade caoutchouc 3quarts of high test gasoline is preferablyemployed in making thesolution. I then add this solution to from 15 to 50 gallons, preferablyabout 25' gallons, of mineral oil preferably a neutral high gradelubricating oil of the character commonly used in automobilelubrication. I prefer to employ. an oil, of light or medium viscositybut a heavy or even an extra heavy oil may be used. The mixture isstirred thoroughly and allowed to stand for preferably about 36 hours.To this mixture I then add preferably about 8 to 10 ounces of cocoanutoil and stir thoroughly. 1

I then produce what I term .mixture No. 2 by mixing 50 gallons of castoroil preferably of the grade known as No. 2 castor oil, with 50 gallonsof another vegetable seed oil such as cottonseed oil or rape seed oil,but preferably high grade water white cottonseed oil. Although rape seedoil readily blends with castor oil and is suitable for use therewith inthe practice of my invention its high cost renders its use lessadvantageous than the use of cottonseed oil which is relativelyinexpensive. The mixture is heated preferably slowly to about 160 F.while being stirred. The heating isthen discontinued and themixtureallowed to stand for about 48 hours.

To 100 gallons of mineral lubricating oil I add from 1 to 10 per cent.preferably about 8 per cent. by volume of mixture No. 1 and the sameamount of mixture No. 2. This final heavy lubricating oil depending uponthe use for which my composite lubricant is intended.

I may even employ the highly viscous mineral oils commonly known asgreases if a very viscous lubricant is desired as for example, for usein grease cups.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that the composite lubricantproduced in accordance with the preferred practice of my process willcontain the following ingredients in approximately the followingproportions:

102 gallons of mineral lubricating oil, .64to .8 of an ounce of cocoanutoil, .8 of a pound of caoutchouc, 4 gallons of castor oil, and 4 gallonsof white cottonseed oil.

I have found that I can produce a service- I able and eflicient stablecomposite lubricant.

without the use of castor oil by the following modification in mycomposition and process:

To 100 gallons of a mineral oil I add from 1 to 10 per cent., preferablyabout 8 per cent. of a vegetable seed oil preferably high grade waterwhite cottonseed oil and the same amount of mixture No. .1 abovereferred to.

. This mixture is heated preferably slowly to and vegetable oils withoutthe use of the dissolved caoutchouc in which case I employ only themineral oil and cocoanut oil in the preferred proportions indicated inmaking mixture No.1. Even the small proportion of the cocoanut oil usedis sufficient to affect the blending of the mineral and vegetable oilsinto a homogeneous and fairly stable mixture. I prefer however to employthe caoutchouc as well as the cocoanut oil in mycomposition since anentirely stable blend is produced in such case and the finished productis found to be in other respects a more satisfactory one.

. It will be understood that the examples given are merely illustrativeof the preferred embodiment of my composition and process of producingit. The proportions and details plete solution, the mass being finallycompletely dissolved in mixture No. 1.

- My composite lubricant is adapted for advantageous use for alllubricating purposes except in contact with steam as in the lubricationof steam engine cylinders and for such use it is not recommended. It ishowever, particularly advantageous for use in aeroplane and other highduty internal combustion engines and for other lubrication where onlythe highest grade and most expensive lubricants heretofore have beensuccessfully employed.

My composition is inexpensive to produce and economical in use itslubricating efficiency being maintained'for unusually long eriods evenunder conditions highly 1mavorable to the life of lubricatingcompositions.

WhileI have described in detail the preferred embodiment and practice ofmy invention it is to be understood that it IS not restricted theretoexcept as set forth in the appended claims.

Having described my invention. I claim:

1. A composite lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil,cocoanutoil, cottonseed oil; castor oil, and caoutchouc in theapproximate proportions of 102 gallons of the mineral oil, .64 to .-8 ofan ounce of the cocoanut oil, 4 gallons of the cottonseed oil, 4 gallonsof the castor oil, and .8 of a pound of the caoutchouc.

2. A composite lubricant comprising a mixture of substantially one poundof caoutchouc dissolved in asoline, substantially twentyfive gallons 0%a neutral mineral lubricating oil and approximately eight ounces ofcocoanut oil, added to and mixed with substantially fiftfiy gallons ofcastor oil having substantially fty gallons of cotton seed oil mixedtherewith.

3. A composite lubricant comprising a of procedure may be widely variedand meritorious results obtained but the best results have been obtainedby proceeding as described and employing the ingredients in theproportions indicated. '7 V In dissolving the caoutchouc I have foundthat it is not necessary to wholly dissolveit in the solvent. I mayadvantageously cut the caoutchouc into small pieces and add onlysuflicient of the solvent to partially dissolve it. The pieces ofcaoutchouc under the action of the solvent swell and assume a asty formand this may be employed instead of a com-

